The formal process of separating and managing inmates is referred to as ___________.

The correct choice is objective classification, which refers to the formal process of assessing inmates based on specific, measurable criteria to determine their security needs, risk factors, and appropriate housing within the correctional system. This method employs standardized tools and assessment protocols, reducing bias and promoting fairness in the classification process.

By utilizing objective classification, correctional facilities can assign inmates to classifications that best match their risk levels and needs, providing a safer environment for both inmates and staff. The process often incorporates various factors such as behavior history, type of offense, and other relevant data to create a clear and consistent framework for managing inmate populations effectively.

Other methods, such as subjective classification, rely more on individual judgment and can vary greatly depending on the person making the assessment. Case-by-case assessments focus on unique situations but may lack the systematic nature that objective classification brings. Categorical classification typically organizes inmates based on broad categories rather than the individualized, criterion-based approach found in objective classification.