Which amendment guarantees the right not to be deprived of life or liberty without due process?

The correct answer is the 5th Amendment, which explicitly states that no person shall "be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." This amendment is a fundamental part of the Constitution that ensures individuals are afforded fair procedures before being deprived of their basic rights. It establishes that legal proceedings must be conducted fairly and that individuals have the right to a fair trial, the chance to present their case, and access to legal representation.

The 5th Amendment is crucial in protecting against arbitrary actions by the government and ensures that all legal processes are followed diligently before any deprivation of rights can occur. This principle of due process is vital in upholding justice and ensuring the protection of individual freedoms within the legal system.